Khrennikov Andrei Y. Open Quantum Systems in Biology, Cognitive and Social Sciences

Springer, 2023. — 371 p. — ISBN 978-3-031-29023-7.This book mathematically analyzes the basic problems of biology, decision making and psychology within the framework of the theory of open quantum systems.In recent years there has been an explosion of interest in applications of quantum theory in fields beyond physics. The main areas include psychology, decision-making, economics, finance, social science as well as genetics and molecular biology. The corresponding models are referred to as quantum-like; they don’t concern any genuine physical processes in the human brain.Quantum-like models reflect the special features of information processing in biological, cognitive, and social systems which match well with the quantum formalism. This formalism gives rise to the quantum probability model (QP) which differs essentially from Kolmogorov's classical probability model. QP also serves as the basis for quantum information theory.Recently QP has been widely applied to the resolution of the basic paradoxes of decision making theory and to modeling experimental data stemming from cognition, psychology, economics, and finance thereby shedding light on probability fallacies and irrational behavior.In this book, the theory of quantum instruments and the quantum master equation are applied to the modeling of biological and cognitive processes, in particular, to the stability of complex biological and social systems interacting with their environment. An essential part of the book is devoted to the theory of the social laser and the Fröhlich condensate.Quantum-Like Modeling
Interplay Between Classical and Quantum Probability
Quantum Formalism for Decision-Making
Classical Versus Quantum Rationality
Biosystems as Open Quantum-Like Systems
What is Life? Open Quantum Systems Approach
Order Stability in Complex Biosystems
Brain Functioning
Emotional Coloring of Conscious Experiences
Quantum Instruments in Psychology and Decision-Making
Quantum Instruments and Positive Operator Valued Measures
Question Order and Response Replicability Effects
Psychological Effects and QQ-equality
Analysis of Social Systems within Open Quantum System Theory
Social Laser
Stability in Biological, Ecological, and Social Systems via Fröhlich Condensation
Social Laser and Networks Within Mean Field Theory
Boundaries of Applicability of Quantum-Like Modeling
No-Go Theorem for Modeling with Von Neumann Observables
Probabilistic Structure of Cognition: May Be Even Worse than Quantum?
Foundations and Mathematics
Formalism of Quantum Theory
Contextuality, Complementarity, and Bell Tests
Quantum Statistics from Indistinguishability
Supplement on Decision-Making
Classical Expected Utility Theory and Its Paradoxes
Belief State Interpretation
God as Decision Maker and Quantum Bayesianism