Gad Shayne Cox (ed.) Toxicology of the Gastrointestinal Tract

2nd edition. — CRC Press, 2019. — 477 p. — ISBN 9781138360167.The gastrointestinal tract is the most important of the three major routes of entry (and clearance) of xenobiotics and biologic entities into the bodies of mammals. As such, it is also the major route for administration of pharmaceuticals to humans. Gastrointestinal Toxicology, Second Edition describes the mechanism for entry and clearance of xenobiotics, as well as the barriers, immunologic and metabolic issues, and functions present in the GI tract. Appearing in this volume are also considerations of the microbiome and its actions and influence on the function of the GI tract and on the toxicity and pharmacodynamics of ingested substances (including nutrients, toxins, and therapeutics). These fifteen chapters written by experienced experts in the field address methods to evaluate GI function; specifics of GI function and toxicity assessment in canines and minipigs; classes of compounds with their toxicity; species differences; and the toxicity (and promise) of nanoparticles. Those needing to understand the structure, function, and methods of studying the GI tract will find this volume a singular source of reference.Introduction: The Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract as a Barrier and as an Absorptive and Metabolic Organ
Methods for the Analysis of Gastrointestinal Function
Safety Pharmacology and the GI Tract
Gastrointestinal Tract Development and Its Importance in Toxicology
Gastrointestinal Tract as a Major Route of Pharmaceutical Administration
Gastrointestinal Function and Toxicology in Canines
Gastrointestinal Function and Toxicology in Minipigs
Absorption of Macromolecules by Mammalian Intestinal Epithelium
Peyer’s Patch Epithelium: An Imperfect Barrier and Effect of the Microbiome
Alteration of Intestinal Function by Xenobiotic Exposure: Animal Models
The Role of the Microbiome on Metabolism, Absorption, and Toxicity of Xenobiotics in the Gastrointestinal Tract
Normal and Abnormal Intestinal Absorption by Human
Classes of Compounds with GI Tract Toxicity
Species Differences in GI Toxicity
Nanoparticles in the Gastrointestinal Tract