Korotaev V.V., Maraev A.A. Sources and detectors of optical radiation

Saint Petersburg: ITMO University, 2017. – 104 pagesThis textbook contains theoretical material for studying of the same-named subject. The order of topics follows the structure of the lectures given at ITMO University at the Department of Optical-Electronic Devices and Systems. Laws of photometry and thermal radiation as well as function and specifications of sources and detectors are considered. The textbook is intended for foreign students majoring in the Master's degree program 12.04.02 — "Optical Engineering".Introduction to the course
Electromagnetic range
Electromagnetic radiation properties
Sources and detectors in optical electronic devices
Classification of optical-electronic devices
Radiometry and photometry
Radiometric quantities and basic concepts
Spectral Distribution of Radiometric Quantities
Photometric quantities
Perception of light by the human eye
Luminous efficiency. Conversions of photometric units
Thermal radiation laws
Kirchhoff’s law
Planck’s law
Stefan-Boltzmann law
Wien’s displacement law
Universal representation of blackbody exitance
Graybody and selective radiators
Lambert’s cosine law
Temperature Equivalents
Sources
Classification of Optical Sources
Basic parameters of radiation sources
Full radiator (blackbody)
Incandescent lamp
Halogen lamp
Nernst glower
Globar
Fluorescent lamp
High-Intensity Discharge (HID) and Low-Pressure Sodium (LPS) Lamps
Semiconductor light sources: LED and IR diodes
Lasers
Laser gain medium
Laser pumping sources
Laser beam properties
Laser properties related to applications
Semiconductor Lasers
Detectors
Types of optical detectors
Detector characteristics
Voltage and current of a detector
Responsivity
Spectral response
Noise equivalent power
Detectivity
Quantum efficiency
Detector response time
Linearity
Conversion of detector parameters
Noise sources
Photon noise
Thermal (Johnson, Nyquist) noise
Shot noise
Generation-recombination noise
Modulation (1/f) noise
Photon detectors
Photoconductive Detectors
Photovoltaic Detectors
Fast-speed photodetectors
p-i-n photodiode
Schottky photodiode
Avalanche detectors
Photoemissive Detectors
Photomultiplier
Image intensifier
Thermal detectors
Bolometers and thermistors
Thermocouples
Calorimeters
Pyroelectric detectors
Imaging sensors
Charge-coupled-devices (CCD)
Linear Image Sensor Arrays
Area Image Sensor Arrays
MOS Area Array Image Sensors
Frame Transfer CCD Image Sensors
Resolution and Spatial Frequency
Color imaging
Annex. Bibliography for further reading