Boutros N., Galderisi S., Pogarell O., Riggio S. Standard Electroencephalography in Clinical Psychiatry: A Practical Handbook

Hoboken: Wiley, 2011. — 190 p.This book provides a concise overview of the possible clinical applications of standard EEG in clinical psychiatry. After a short history, the book describes the physiologic basis of the EEG signal, then reviews the principles of EEG in terms of technical backgrounds and requirements, EEG recording and signal analysis, with plentiful illustrations of the most frequent biological or technical artefacts. Normal EEG patterns and waveforms for easy reference are clearly presented, before the detailed description of abnormal patterns.With the basic information in hand, the reader progresses to an account of the role of EEG in the diagnostic work up in psychiatry, covering nonconvulsive status epilepticus, frontal lobe seizures and non-epileptic seizures. The clinical application of EEG in both childhood and adult disorders follows, including many case vignettes. The effects of psychotropic drugs on EEG are highlighted.The book closes with a discussion of currently available certification venues for Clinical Neurophysiology along with limitations of each venue. It calls for the development of training guidelines and certification processes specific to Psychiatric Electrophysiology.The material is clearly presented throughout, with plenty of figures, tables with summaries of relevant findings, flow diagrams for diagnostic work-up, boxes with learning points, and short lists of key references.We fully expect the book will become the standard teaching source for psychiatry residents and fellows, as well as a useful resource for practising psychiatrists and clinical psychologists.Praise for the book:"This distinguished group of editors has put together chapters that represent an excellent practical handbook on electroencephalography in clinical psychiatry, now a very important topic. I highly recommend it not only to psychiatrists, but also to anyone interested in neuroscience."John R. Hughes, DM (Oxon), MD, PhD, Professor of Neurology, University of Illinois Medical Center, at Chicago, Illinois, USAList of ContributorsThe early pre-clinical era
Early history of human electroencephalographyMembrane potentials
Factors determining polarity and other characteristics ofthe surface EEG waveforms
Brain structures involved in the genesis of EEG rhythmsEEG devices
Technical requirements
Electrode placement: International - System
Montages
EEG signals
Interpretation and analysis of the EEG signals – artefacts
Electrode artefacts
Muscle activityNormal EEG patterns in the waking adult
Beta rhythm
Theta activity
Lambda waves
Delta activity
Physiological modifications induced by activation procedures
EEG patterns in normal ageing
Unusual EEG patterns
Stage (drowsiness)The depression of normal EEG rhythms
EEG slowing and slow waves
Focal slowing
Epileptiform activity
Epileptiform potentials
Sharp paroxysmal activity
Other periodic patterns include
Focal non-epileptiform abnormalities
Periodic lateralised epileptiform discharges (PLED)
Ischaemia
Trauma
Metabolic disorders
Renal failure
Calcium
ComaClinical characteristics
Epidemiology
EEG in NCSEClinical characteristics of PNES versus neurogenic seizures
Manoeuvres
EEG findings
Clinical characteristicsEEG abnormalities in ADHD
Case example
Recommendations
ADHD and epilepsy
Case example
RecommendationsEpilepsy in ASD
EEG abnormalities in ASD
Case example
Discussion
Conclusions and recommendationsEEG in psychoses
EEG in schizophrenia
EEG findings in schizophrenia
EEG findings and diagnostic boundaries of schizophrenia
EEG findings and familiarity for schizophrenia
EEG findings and outcome
Schizophrenia and epilepsy
EEG findings in diffuse encephalopathies
Case vignette
EEG in mood disorders
Case reports of EEG in catatonia
Case series and literature reviewsEEG and antisocial personality disorder (APD)
EEG and institutional aggression (including aggression inschizophrenia)
Treatment implicationsEEG in non-epileptic panic disorder patients
Treatment implicationsIntroduction: Epidemiology of delirium and dementia
Clinical diagnosis in delirium
EEG work up in delirium
Metabolic causes of delirium
Infectious causes of delirium
Clinical diagnosis and EEG work up in dementiaThe role of EEG assessment of drug-induced CNS toxicity inpsychiatric patients
Antipsychotic drugs
Lithium
Other mood stabilisers
Anxiolytics
Recreational drugs
Case vignetteClinical neurophysiology board certification