Caria M. Measurement Analysis: An Introduction to the Statistical Analysis of Laboratory Data in Physics, Chemistry and the Life Sciences

L.: Imperial College Press, 2000. — 229 p. — ISBN: 1-86094-231-8.Measurements, errors and estimates.
Error and Uncertainty.
Resolution and reading error.
The illegitimate error.
Uncertainty and systematic error.
Uncertainty and casual error.
The expression of expanded uncertainty.
Distribution of data and errors.
Probability and distributions.
Distribution functions.
The Binomial distribution function.
The Poisson distribution function.
The Guass distribution function.
Relations between distribution functions.
The constant distribution function and the reading error.
Processing of data and uncertainties.
The combination of uncertainties.
Rigorous calculation for the estimate of the combined uncertainty.
The number of significant digits.
The problem of correlation.
The error matrix or matrix of uncertainties.
Interpolation and combination of uncertainties.
Extrapolation and combination of uncertainties.
Mean standard deviation and the weighted mean.
Accuracy tests.
Hypotheses and the verification of accuracy.
Maximum likelihood.
The χ² parameter.
Minimisation.
The χ² accuracy test.
The number of degrees of freedom.
The parameter χ²_r.
The χ² probability function.
The t accuracy test.
The F accuracy test.
The F test for the analysis of one variance or ANOVA.
The generalised χ² accuracy test.
Confidence, trust and expanded uncertainty.
Probability intervals.
The confidence or trust level.
The t parameter and the confidence level.